Title | PATHS (Providing Alternative Thinking Strategies) |
Settings | Education |
MHP Steps | Implementation |
URL | http://www.prevention.psu.edu/projects/PATHS.html |
Publication Information | Kusche, C. A. & Greenberg, M. T. (1994) The PATHS Curriculum. Seattle: Developmental Research and Programs. More publications are listed here: http://www.prevention.psu.edu/projects/PATHSPublications.html |
Country of Origin | United States |
Languages | Dutch | English | French |
Tool Description | The PATHS (Providing Alternative THinking Strategies) curriculum is a program for educators and counselors that is designed to facilitate the development of self-control, emotional awareness, and interpersonal problem-solving skills. The curriculum consists of an Instructional Manual, six volumes of lessons, pictures and photographs, and additional materials. A research book is also available. PATHS is designed for use with elementary school- aged children. The purposes of the PATHS Curriculum are to enhance the social competence and social understanding of children, as well as to facilitate educational processes in the classroom. |
Application in the Field | Applied internationally |
Tool mainly used in | |
Stage of Development | Well established |
Evaluation and Research | Studies/Technical Data available |
Beneficiary Involvement in Design | No information found |
Evaluation | Yes |
Evaluation Description | There have been three controlled studies with randomized control groups: 1 with regular children, 1 with special education-classified children, and 1 with deaf/hearing-impaired children. PATHS has been shown to improve protective factors and reduce behavioral risk across a wide variety of types of elementary school-aged children. The findings have shown cross-rater validity as they have been true of teacher reports, self-reports, and child testing and interviewing. A critical component to these findings is the use of well-matched control groups; this is critical because all children tend to improve as they develop and thus programs may only look effective due to general developmental progress. Finding from the National Fast Track Demonstration Program Initial findings from FAST Track Program at end off first grade in four locations (Seattle, Nashville, Durham, rural Pennsylvania) indicate that in schools in which PATHS is operating there is improved social adaptation as indexed by more positive reports of the following dimensions as compared to matched comparison schools (Comparisons involve approximately 150 classrooms who received PATHS or who are matched controls). * Lower peer aggression and scores by peer ratings (Sociometrics) * Lower teacher ratings of disruptive behavior (Teacher report) * Improved classroom atmosphere (assessed by Independent Observers) |
Available Formats | |
Free | No |
Restrictions on Use | Unknown |
Tool Focus | Individual |
Tool Type | Programme |
Download(s) |
|
Contact Name | Mark Greenberg and Carol Kusche |
Organisation Name | |
mxg47@psu.edu | |
Telephone | 1-800-441-4115 |
Address | |
Country | United States |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
b110, b114 | Consciousness and Orientation | |
Selected | b117, b160, b164 | Intellectual, Thought and Higher-Level Cognitive Functions |
Selected | b122 | Global Psychosocial Functioning |
Selected | b126 | Temperament and Personality |
b130 | Energy, Drive and Sleep Functions | |
b140, b144 | Attention and Memory | |
b147 | Psychomotor Functioning | |
Selected | b152 | Emotional Functioning |
b156 | Perceptual Functioning | |
b180 | Experience of Self and Time |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
d160, d163, d166,d170,d172 | Applying Knowledge -Focusing Attention, Thinking, Reading, Writing, Calculating | |
Selected | d175, d177 | Solving Problems and Making Decisions |
d230 | Carrying out Daily Routine | |
d240 | Handling Stress and Other Psychological Demands | |
Selected | d310, d315, d325, d330, d335, | Effective Communicating |
Selected | d710, d720, | Basic and Complex Interpersonal Interactions |
Selected | d730, d740, d750, d770 | Relationships - Strangers, Formal, Informal Social, Intimate |
d760 | Family Relationships | |
d825 | Vocational Training | |
d845 | Acquiring, keeping and terminating a job | |
d855 d910 | Community Life and Engagement | |
d870 | Economic Self-Sufficiency | |
d920 | Recreation and Leisure | |
d930 | Religion and Spirituality | |
d940 d950 | Human Rights & Political Life and Citizenship |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
e120, e125, e130 | Assistive and Augmentative Technology for Personal Mobility, Communications and Education | |
e310, e315, e320, e325, e330, e340, e355, e360 | Physical and Emotional Support | |
e410, e415, e420, e425, e430, e440, e450,e455 | Attitudes of individuals | |
e460 | Societal Attitudes | |
e465 | Social Norms, Practices and Ideologies | |
e525, e530, e570, e575 | Services, Systems and Policies - Housing, Utilities, General Social Support | |
e560 | Media Services, Systems and Policies | |
e570 | Social Security Systems and Policies | |
e580 | Health Services, Systems and Policies | |
e585 | Education and Training Services, Systems and Policies | |
e590 | Workplace Services, Systems and Policies |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Selected | FGP | General Population |
F00-F09 | Organic & Neurological (Dementia in Alzheimers Disease) | |
F10-F19 | Mental Health Conditions due to Substance Misuse | |
F20-F59 & F80-F99 | Mental Health Conditions | |
F70-F79 | Intellectual Impairment |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or11.1 | Stress Prevention | |
Or11.2 | Critical Incident Management | |
Or11.3 | Occupational Health | |
Or11.4 | Anti-Bullying and Anti-Harassment | |
Or11.5 | Anti-Drugs and Anti-Alcohol Abuse | |
Or11.6 | Anti-Smoking | |
Or11.7 | Anti-Violence and Crime (including Sexual) | |
Or11.8 | Prevention of Child Abuse | |
Or11.9 | Discipline |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or12.1 | Mental | |
Or12.2 | Physical (e.g. Healthy Eating, Physical Activity, Recreation) |
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or16.1 | Work-Life Balance Policy | |
Or16.2 | Age Management Policy | |
Or16.3 | Broad Focus Absenteeism Policy | |
Or16.4 | Return to Work/School Policy | |
Or16.5 | Disability Management Policy | |
Or16.6 | Diversity Management Policy | |
Or16.7 | Integration | |
Or16.8 | Corporate Social Responsibility |
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or21.1 | Mission, Vision, Values, Traditions | |
Or21.2 | Participation | |
Or21.3 | Empowerment | |
Or21.4 | Person Centred Approach | |
Or21.5 | Interaction Climate | |
Or21.6 | Social Atmosphere | |
Or21.7 | Bullying and Harassment/Abuse |
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or23.1 | Participative | |
Or23.2 | Supportive | |
Or23.3 | Partnerships | |
Or23.4 | Feedback Considered | |
Or23.5 | Management Leadership of MHP |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or24.1 | Roles and Responsibilities | |
Or24.2 | Healthcare | |
Or24.3 | Ratios | |
Or24.4 | Attitudes | |
Or24.5 | Training and Development | |
Or24.6 | Commitment and Resources | |
Or24.7 | Partnerships - Management and Staff | |
Or24.8 | Involvement in Change |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or31.1 | Whole Organisation Planning | |
Or31.2 | Job Design | |
Or31.3 | Individualised Plans | |
Or31.4 | Shift Work | |
Or31.5 | Education Processes | |
Or31.6 | Flexible Work Patterns/ Work-Life Balance | |
Or31.7 | Work Organisation | |
Or31.8 | Job Enrichment | |
Or31.9 | Feedback Considered | |
Or31.10 | Parent-Teacher Meetings | |
Or31.11 | Peer Support | |
Or31.12 | Supervision | |
Or31.13 | Parent, Teacher and Student Committee | |
Or31.14 | Communications Practice | |
Or31.15 | Interactive e-Communication (Online) | |
Or31.16 | Health and Safety Hazard Control | |
Or31.17 | Care Processes | |
Or31.18 | Family Involvement | |
Or31.19 | Housekeeping Processes | |
Or31.20 | Nutrition Processes |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or32.1 | Health Needs Assessment | |
Or32.2 | Health Planning | |
Or32.3 | Evaluation of Health Promotion Actions | |
Or32.4 | Risk Assessment | |
Or32.9 | Marketing of MHP |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or41.1 | Physical | |
Or41.2 | Mental |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or42.1 | Organisational Performance | |
Or42.2 | Satisfaction of Beneficiaries | |
Or42.3 | Effects on Educational Success | |
Or42.4 | Effects on Absence |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or43.1 | Beneficiary Wellbeing | |
Or43.2 | Individual Performance | |
Or43.3 | Motivation | |
Or43.4 | Quality of Life | |
Or43.5 | Independence and choice | |
Or43.6 | Attendance | |
Or43.7 | Job Satisfaction |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Or44.1 | Staff, Student or Client Morale | |
Or44.2 | Mutual Support | |
Or44.3 | Social Integration |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En11.1 | Buildings | |
En11.2 | Exposures | |
En11.3 | Quality of Living Space | |
En11.4 | Proximity to the Community |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En12.1 | Sports, Leisure and Recreation Facilities | |
En12.2 | Provision of Health Promotion Facilities | |
En12.3 | Support of Health Promotion Facilities | |
En12.4 | Health and Safety Services & Professionals | |
En12.5 | Committee on MH Protection and Promotion | |
En12.6 | Professional Support |
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En14.1 | Physical Ergonomics | |
En14.2 | Cognitive Ergonomics |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En21.1 | Peer Support Programme | |
En21.2 | Peer Mentoring | |
En21.3 | Peers | |
En21.4 | Sports & Recreation Programme | |
En21.5 | Social Activities/Leisure Programme/Team Events | |
En21.6 | ICT Communication (e.g. social networking sites) | |
En21.7 | Management & Colleagues | |
En21.8 | Management Support Programmes | |
En21.9 | Beneficary Panels |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En22.1 | Discussion Forums and Information Sessions | |
En22.2 | Home School Liaison | |
En22.3 | Support and Empowerment | |
En22.4 | Parents Association | |
En22.5 | Parents and Parent-Teacher Association | |
En22.6 | Family Friendly Organisation | |
En22.7 | Family Health Programmes | |
En22.8 | Family Social Programmes | |
En22.9 | Rooms for Couples |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En23.1 | Community Links (e.g. Volunteering Programme) | |
En23.2 | Extended Schools Concept |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En24.1 | Programme to Support Teachers or Carers |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En31.1 | Physical Health Promotion Services | |
En31.2 | Mental Health Services | |
En31.3 | Counselling | |
En31.4 | Psychological Assessment | |
En31.5 | Primary and Community Health Services | |
En31.6 | Occupational Health Services |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
En32.1 | Health and Safety | |
En32.2 | Public Health | |
En32.3 | Quality Standards | |
En32.4 | Education | |
En32.5 | Mainstreaming and Diversity | |
En32.6 | Welfare (Social Security) | |
En32.7 | Environmental | |
En32.8 | Employment | |
En32.9 | Retirement Policy | |
En32.10 | Independent Living |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr11.1 | Health Screening | |
Pr11.2 | Exercise and Nutrition Programmes | |
Pr11.3 | Sexuality | |
Pr11.4 | Health and Safety Interventions |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr12.1 | Anti - Bullying, - Harassment - Abuse | |
Pr12.2 | Substance misuse prevention (including smoking) | |
Pr12.3 | Active and Positive Ageing | |
Pr12.4 | Physical Health |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr13.1 | Mental Health Screening | |
Selected | Pr13.2 | Coping Skills Education |
Selected | Pr13.3 | Stress Management & Prevention |
Pr13.4 | Mental Health Education, Raising Awareness | |
Pr13.5 | Destigmatisation | |
Selected | Pr13.6 | Emotional Wellbeing |
Pr13.7 | Suicide Prevention | |
Pr13.8 | Safe Self-Disclosure Programmes |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr14.1 | Orientation and Induction | |
Pr14.2 | Social Support | |
Pr14.3 | Social & Leisure Activities | |
Pr14.4 | Volunteering |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr15.1 | Work-Life Balance Programme | |
Pr15.2 | Absenteeism & Return to Work Programmes | |
Pr15.3 | Recruitment & Staff Development Programmes |
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr17.1 | Cognitive Training | |
Selected | Pr17.2 | Personal Development |
Pr17.3 | Career Development | |
Selected | Pr17.4 | Life Skills Programmes |
Pr17.5 | Raising Self Awareness | |
Pr17.6 | Goal Setting | |
Selected | Pr17.7 | Problem Solving & Decision Making |
Selected | Pr17.8 | Social Competence |
Pr17.9 | Lifestyle Awareness Programmes |
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element |
---|
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr23.1 | Young Offenders | |
Pr23.2 | Pupils at Risk of Early Leaving | |
Pr23.3 | Pupils in Transition | |
Pr23.4 | Poverty/Social Exclusion | |
Pr23.5 | Persons at Risk of Violence or Abuse | |
Pr23.6 | Family Issues | |
Pr23.7 | Parents or Carers | |
Pr23.8 | People with Special Requirements or Disabilities | |
Pr23.9 | People Experiencing Illness |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr31.1 | Personal Development Programme | |
Pr31.2 | Coping Skills Training | |
Pr31.3 | Problem Solving, Decision Making & Goal Setting | |
Pr31.4 | Activities of Daily Living | |
Pr31.5 | Social Competence | |
Pr31.6 | Raising Self Esteem |
Code | Element | |
---|---|---|
Pr32.1 | Peer Support Programme | |
Pr32.2 | Counselling | |
Pr32.3 | Life Skills, Relationship and Social Programmes | |
Pr32.4 | Bereavement Support | |
Pr32.5 | Needs Analysis & Individual Plans | |
Pr32.6 | Adjustments and Accommodations |
Code | Element |
---|